SPRFDriving evidence-based policy change. We deliver impactful, non-partisan research across economics, governance, environment & climate change, foreign & defense policy, and human rights & law, focusing on monitoring and evaluating policy progress in crucial areas impacting society. We bridge the gap between research and public policy.
This project seeks to explore the nuances of the Indian welfare state, and draw comparisons between the welfare approaches taken by different governments at the state and centre. Particularly, the project will involve exploring the political environment during which major welfare regimes and institutions were created, the management of these institutions by the central and state governments and the political economy of welfare in Indian public life.
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Introduction In the May of 1990 when Montek Singh Ahluwalia delivered his seminal paper, “Towards a Restructuring of Industrial, Trade and Fiscal Policies” for an internal discussion in the government, a reservation on the question of labour was made for a later date, saying, “Reforms relating to labour legislation are also necessary. However, this is […]
Introduction In September 2024, a meeting was held in Hyderabad to discuss integrated Perinatal Mental Health intervention in rural India. Representatives from six districts of Telangana partook in the meeting to identify key problems to maternal mental health in rural India and investigate potential solutions. Maternal Mental Health (MMH), also called Perinatal Mental Health (PMH), […]
Introduction India’s investment in research and development (R&D) has been slow, decreasing from 0.82% of its GDP in 2009-10 to 0.64% in 2020-21. As noted by the Department of Science and Technology in a 2023 report, most developed countries spend more than 2% of their GDP on R&D. However, India’s R&D investment has been lower […]
Introduction The European Union has been at the forefront of global climate policy, aiming to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 under its European Green Deal. To support this goal, the EU has introduced several measures, including the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). The CBAM has been viewed as a key intervention to reduce carbon leakage. […]
Introduction Throughout India’s history, both pre- and post-independence, Maharashtra and West Bengal have been leaders in advancing social reforms for women. Maharashtra’s contributions include the pioneering efforts of Jyotiba Phule and his wife Savitribai Phule, who broke societal barriers by establishing the first school for girls in Pune. Reformers like Dhondo Keshav Karve further pushed […]
Abstract India is currently at a complex standpoint since, as the most populous country, it is continuously exploring new and alternative energy due to its growing energy needs. Yet, it is now also among the largest emitters in the world. Amidst India’s energy transition goals, the country is moving towards expanding its share of renewable […]
The recent Supreme Court ruling on electoral bonds has brought attention to the nature of political finance and its implication for democratic attitudes in the country. Notably, the first election held after the Electoral Bond Scheme of 2018, the 2019 Indian General Election, stands out as the largest and the most expensive Indian election to […]
Background The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a remote archipelago in the Bay of Bengal, are renowned for their pristine beaches, rich biodiversity and vibrant indigenous cultures. Much of the rich biodiversity has remained undiscovered in parts of the islands, and the fragile ecosystem faces significant environmental challenges. The island of Great Nicobar, a part of […]
Education for Children of Migrant Workers Author – Gayatri Sethi According to the most recent 2011 Census, there are an estimated 450 million domestic migrants in India, of which 92.95 million are children. A UNICEF report also stated that one in every five migrants in India is a child and 50.6% of migrant children are […]
The economic and social well-being of rural communities is at the forefront of rural policy in India. Policy-making in rural areas faces key challenges like poor infrastructure, lack of sanitation, healthcare, and employment opportunities, agriculture-rated issues, and social inequality. Additionally, rural development programmes face barriers to implementation, and involving local communities can also be difficult. This month at SPRF, we take a look at the various ways in which policy-making can impact rural development and livelihood, and the access, delivery and connectivity concerns that still plague rural India.
Introduction India has made significant strides in rural electrification, addressing energy poverty and its unique socio-economic development. In line with its global commitments to ‘ensuring access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy for all’, India led with key interventions, including the Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, also known as the Saubhagya Scheme. The […]
Context Due to adverse working conditions, hundreds of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) in Delhi and Haryana have been on an indefinite protest since August 28 2023. This series of protests continues the larger conversation around the challenges and barriers ASHAs face and has gathered steam in other regions of Northern India, such as Jammu. […]
Unfortunately, around 800,000 of these abortions are unsafe, contributing significantly to maternal mortality, despite the legal framework established by the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act. This highlights the persistent barriers rural women face in accessing safe sexual health services, particularly due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure compared to urban areas. This indicator is a critical measure of gender equality and women’s empowerment, particularly in the context of sexual and reproductive health rights .
Authored by: Apurav Maggu, Siddarth Seem, Anhad Hundal EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper is an overview of the background, objectives, history, implementation, and challenges of MGNREGS in India. It discusses wage payments, the participation of marginalized communities, yearly budgetary allocation to the scheme and criticisms levied against it since its inception. Further, there are contradictions in […]
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The term Shershabadi (original Shershabadia) has direct reference to the community’s place of origin, i.e., the former Jawar-e-Sarsabad, which comprised parts of Murshidabad, Malda in West Bengal, and Sahibganj district in Jharkhand.
Owing to various social, political, and environmental reasons, they migrated from their place of origin, and are now settled in Kishanganj and its neighbouring districts, in Bihar. Originally a community of settled agriculturists, they slowly dispersed along the river banks and tried to make a living through cultivation.
arrow_outwardThe photo story captures the neighbourhood which falls under the administration of Tiruchirappalli City Municipal Corporation and is navigating complex ecological, geographical, and governance problems.
arrow_outwardMalihabad, tehsil and Nagar panchayat in Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh is famous for its mangoes. The Malihabadi Dussehra, a variety of mango, got its Geographical Indicator [GI] tag in 2009[1]. Even though Mangoes are widely consumed across the subcontinent, a common narrative of all the mango cultivators of the region is: “Everybody loves mangoes, but no one wants to make the lives of mango farmers any better.”
arrow_outwardn the east of Delhi lies Ghazipur. Over the years, Ghazipur has become an essential route and a stop for people looking to purchase flowers for special occasions.
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