Reactive Net- Zero Path is Leading to Counterproductive Actions

The clock for climate urgency is ticking, figuratively and literally. The New York City Climate Clock, which displays the countdown to the deadline, represents the time remaining before the world crosses over the carbon budget. Currently, the clock shows a digital red countdown of just over 2 years, 339 days to limit global warming to 1.5 °C, as set out in the Paris Agreement. While these initiatives were brought in to inform people about climate change and take constructive actions, ironically, the actual global reality of climate action is counterproductive.

The world’s largest emitter, China, has reiterated time and again that it does not intend to follow the Western ideas for climate neutrality but has set a target to reach “carbon neutrality before 2060”. The United States has officially withdrawn from the Paris Agreement for the second time under the Trump Administration, becoming the only country to do so. Both countries contribute 40.31% to the global emissions, and now, with the exit of one country from the commitment and the reinforcement from another, the focus has shifted to the world’s 3rd largest emitter, India.

In the Nationally Determined Commitments (NDC) for 2031-2035, India has announced the goal of becoming net-zero by 2070 by increasing its non-fossil fuel capacity for electricity generation and by also creating large carbon sinks. In the past, the NDCs had set a 2030 target of a 33-35% reduction in the emissions intensity of GDP and a 40% share of non-fossil resources, both of which have been met ahead of schedule. 

Despite achieving its last NDC targets ahead of schedule and ranking third globally in installed renewable energy capacity, India continues to be rated as “highly insufficient” in its climate actions, facing surmounting global pressure to intensify its goals, reduce its carbon emissions, and phase out coal. This contradiction raises a critical question: can rapid growth in renewables alone put India on the net-zero path while emissions continue to increase each year?

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Anusha Arif

Anusha is an environmental law enthusiast with an LL.M. from the TERI School of Advanced Studies, specializing in Environment Law, and a B.A.LL.B(H) from Aligarh Muslim University. Passionate about the intersection of climate change, environment, and human rights, she has previously been part of the special cohort on Intersectional Feminism and Digital Rights with Ideosync and UNESCO. Anusha also gained valuable experience in the energy policy sector while working at the World Energy Council (WEC-India).Currently, she’s on a journey of reinvention in a new country, exploring fresh opportunities and perspectives. When she’s not delving into research, you can find her binge-watching true crime documentaries on Netflix or immersing herself in paranormal podcasts.

Faraz Rupani

Faraz Rupani is the Research Lead at SPRF India, working on climate, sustainability, and development. He previously served as an Economist at the WOTR Centre for Resilience Studies, focusing on community resilience, and began his career at Cognizant. His work combines research and field insights to address climate and development challenges, and he has contributed to global initiatives such as the UNCCD’s Economics of Drought report.

He holds a Master’s degree in Economics and actively volunteers in the education sector, currently leading the Pune chapter of UPAY.

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